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However although in vitro studies in heterologous systems
2023-12-13
However, although in vitro studies in heterologous systems have provided very important indications of potential novel pharmacology, the studies with endogenous receptors in native tissues are essential to provide evidence for GPCR heteromerization in vivo and to confirm its physiological relevance.
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Fig A shows a schematic representation of histological resul
2023-12-12
Fig. 2A shows a schematic representation of histological results according to the Franklin and Paxinos Mouse Brain Atlas (2001). The black circles represent the sites of drug infusion that were on-target within the amygdala. Gray circles represent the animals that had infusion locations outside the
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APETx2 br Materials and Methods br Author Contributions
2023-12-12
Materials and Methods Author Contributions Conflicts of Interest Acknowledgments This study was funded by the NIH Common Fund (UH2TR000943) through the Office of Strategic Coordination/Office of the NIH Director, an NCI/NIH grant (1R21CA199050), the MD Anderson Cancer Center support gran
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br Conclusions br Acknowledgments br Introduction To die
2023-12-12
Conclusions Acknowledgments Introduction To die or not to die – that is the question. Christian de Duve created the word “autophagy” in 1960’s for the first time (Klionsky et al., 2016). The word “autophagy” was derived from the Greek roots “auto” (self) and “phagy” (eating) and referred to
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The relative stereochemistry of both the
2023-12-12
The relative stereochemistry of both the major and minor diastereoisomer of (±)-2-(hydroxymethyl)blebbistatin (±)- (and thus (±)-2-(allyloxymethyl)blebbistatin (±)-) was determined with 1D-NOESY experiments (), as crystallization efforts failed. These experiments revealed an interaction between H an
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br Results br Discussion br Conclusion
2023-12-12
Results Discussion Conclusion The flux of glucose into cytosolic short chain acyl-CoAs was maintained in pure beta pkc inhibitor in the presence of inhibition of ATP citrate lyase with hydroxycitrate and also in a cell line with >90% ATP citrate lyase knockdown suggesting that a pathway oth
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On the other hand oxygen concentration in tumor tissue
2023-12-12
On the other hand, oxygen concentration in tumor tissue also depends on its consumption rate by tumor cells, which decrease will also lead to alleviation of hypoxia. This fact is not taken into account in the majority of studies on the topic, although it is well-known that antiangiogenic therapy doe
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br Experimental section br Introduction NMDA receptor induce
2023-12-12
Experimental section Introduction NMDA receptor-induced increases in AMPAR trafficking to the synaptic surface mediates changes in synaptic efficacy in a number of acetylcholine receptors regions (Shi et al., 1999, Sun et al., 2005, Frenkel et al., 2006). While this process has been linked to
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In the present study AP B preferentially released hydrophobi
2023-12-12
In the present study, AP31-B preferentially released hydrophobic 89 6 such as leucine and alanine from N-terminal of peptide (Fig. 4). The debittering ability of AP31-B seemed to depend on such substrate specificity, but additional tests against other hydrophobic amino acids are needed to confirm t
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MAPs require divalent transition metal ions as cofactors for
2023-12-12
MAPs require divalent transition metal ions as cofactors for activity [21]. Previous studies on MAPs from different organisms indicate cobalt ions to be the most preferred divalent metal activator [22]. However, MAPs also exhibit activity with other divalent cations like Mn(II), Ca(II), Ni(II) or Fe
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br Discussion AhR is a
2023-12-12
Discussion AhR is a receptor that binds to a great variety of lipophilic compounds, in particular those containing at least one aromatic ring (Abel and Haarmann-Stemmann, 2010, Guyot et al., 2013, Hahn, 2002). The main known function of this receptor is to induce the metabolism of these compounds
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It is also possible that adrenoceptor activation may inhibit
2023-12-12
It is also possible that α2-adrenoceptor activation may inhibit glutamate accumulation by upregulating the glutamate-buffering activity of Müller monobenzone sale through EAAT1 or adjusting EAAT2 in bipolar cells, as well as the NMDA receptor. Therefore, we investigated whether topical administratio
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The importance of insulin in controlling lipolysis and fat m
2023-12-12
The importance of insulin in controlling lipolysis and fat mass is further emphasized by mouse models with alterations in the insulin signaling pathway of adipocytes. For example, mice with a tamoxifen-inducible knockout of the insulin receptor in mature adipocytes reveal a substantial decrease of a
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The relatively high concentration of HT used
2023-12-12
The relatively high concentration of 5-HT used in this study (100 µM) is consistent with the concentrations used in other published ex vivo studies (Ropert and Guy, 1991, Passani et al., 1994, Shen and Andrade, 1998). In our paradigm 5-HT was focally applied at the surface of the slice via a fast pe
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Since pyrrolopyrimidine dithiolanes and both displayed parti
2023-12-11
Since pyrrolopyrimidine dithiolanes and both displayed particularly excellent levels of ACK1 inhibition, these analogs were viewed as potential candidates for further investigation in tumor xenograft experiments. While in vitro metabolic studies indicated that pyrrolidine was predicted to be sign
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